For free real time breaking news alerts sent straight to your inbox sign up to our breaking news emails Sign up to our free breaking news emails
Global health authorities are struggling to contain the world's worst Ebola epidemic since the disease was identified in 1976, with the the virus having killed nearly 4,500 people so far.
After the first case this year was diagnosed in Guinea, west Africa in March, the virus has now spready to north America and Europe. Last week, Thomas Duncan became the first person to die from the disease in the United States . A nurse who treated him at a hospital in Dallas, Nina Pham, is currently recovering from the virus , while a second burse has been quarantined on a cruise ship in the Caribbean .
Here is a timeline of the outbreak so far:
March 22: Guinea confirms a previously unidentified hemorrhagic fever, which killed more than 50 people, is Ebola .
March 30: Liberia reports two Ebola cases; suspected cases reported in Sierra Leone.
April 1: Medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) warns the epidemic's spread is “unprecedented.” A World Health Organization (WHO) spokesman calls it “relatively small still.”
A member of the NGO U Fondation leaves a house after visiting quarantined family members suffering from the Ebola virus in Monrovia April 4: Mob attacks Ebola treatment centre in Guinea. Healthcare workers there and in Sierra Leone and Liberia face hostility from fearful, suspicious people .
May 26: WHO confirms first Ebola deaths in Sierra Leone.
June 17: Liberia reports Ebola in its capital, Monrovia.
June 23: With deaths above 350, making the West African outbreak the worst on record, MSF says it is “out of control” and calls for massive resources.
July 25: Nigeria confirms its first Ebola case , a man who died in Lagos after traveling from Monrovia.
Medical staff members burn clothes belonging to patients suffering from Ebola, at the international medical NGO Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) in Monrovia (PASCAL GUYOT/AFP/Getty Images) July 29: Dr Sheik Umar Khan, who was leading Sierra Leone's fight against the epidemic, dies of Ebola .
July 30: Liberia shuts schools, quarantines the worst-affected communities, using troops for enforcement.
August 2: A US missionary physician infected with Ebola in Liberia is flown to Atlanta in the United States for treatment .
August 5: A second US missionary infected with Ebola is flown from Liberia to Atlanta for treatment.
August 8: WHO declares Ebola “international public health emergency .”
August 12: WHO says death toll tops 1,000, approves use of unproven drugs or vaccines .
A Spanish priest with Ebola dies in Madrid hospital .
August 15: MSF says epidemic will take about six months to control.
In pictures: Ebola virus Show all 62 1 /62In pictures: Ebola virus In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health worker from Sierra Leone's Red Cross Society Burial Team 7 carries the corpse of a child in Freetown
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health workers from the Sierra Leone's Red Cross Society Burial Team 7 is sprayed with desinfectant after removing a corpse from a house in Freetown
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health workers from Sierra Leone's Red Cross Society Burial Team 7 prepare to remove a body from a house in Freetown
AFP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health workers from the Sierra Leone's Red Cross Society Burial Team 7 place a body in a grave at King Tom cemetary in Freetown
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Mustapha Rogers of the Red Cross talks as health workers from the Sierra Leone's Red Cross Society Burial Team 7 remove a corpse from a house in Freetown
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A citizen from Mali arrives at a hospital in Murcia city, south-eastern Spain. The protocol for a possible case of Ebola has been activated as the man, who arrived from Mali to Jumilla town in Murcia province five days ago, presents clinical symptoms of high fever and vomiting
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Kenyan medical workers show how to handle an infected Ebola patient on a portable negative pressure bed at the Kenyatta national hospital in Nairobi
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health worker sprays disinfectant onto a college in Monrovia, Liberia
AP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A burial team in protective gear bury the body of a woman suspected to have died from Ebola virus in Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Healthcare workers in protective gear work at an Ebola treatment center in the west of Freetown, Sierra Leone
AP Photo/Michael Duff
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A healthcare worker in protective gear is sprayed with disinfectant after working in an Ebola treatment center in the west of Freetown, Sierra Leone
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A member of the NGO U Fondation leaves a house after visiting quarantined family members suffering from the Ebola virus in Monrovia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus An Ebola sign placed infront of a home in West Point slum area of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian man carries his sick brother suspected of having Ebola after being delayed admission to the Island Clinic Ebola Treatment Unit due to a lack of beds at the clinic on the outskirts of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health workers remove the body a woman who died from the Ebola virus in the Aberdeen district of Freetown, Sierra Leone
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health worker fixes another health worker's protective suit in the Aberdeen district of Freetown, Sierra Leone
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health workers spray themselves with chlorine disinfectants after removing the body a woman who died of Ebola virus in the Aberdeen district of Freetown, Sierra Leone
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A woman crawls towards the body of her sister as Ebola burial team members take her sister Mekie Nagbe (28) for cremation in Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Sophia Doe sits with her grandchildren Beauty Mandi, 9 months (L) and Arthuneh Qunoh, 9, (R), while watching the arrival an Ebola burial team to take away the body of her daughter Mekie Nagbe, 28, for cremation in Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Varney Jonson (46) grieves as an Ebola burial team takes away the body of his wife Nama Fambule for cremation in Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Family members grieve as Ebola burial team members prepare to remove the body of Nama Fambule for cremation in Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian burial squad carry the body of an Ebola victim in Marshall, Margini county, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus An Ebola burial team dresses in protective clothing before collecting the body of a woman (54) from her home in the New Kru Town suburb of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus An Ebola burial team carries the body of a woman (54) through the New Kru Town suburb of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus An Ebola burial team dresses in protective clothing before collecting the body of a woman (54) from her home in the New Kru Town suburb of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health workers in protective gear carry the body of a woman suspected to have died from Ebola virus, from a house in New Kru Town at the outskirt of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Volunteers in protective suit bury the body of a person who died from Ebola in Waterloo, some 30 kilometers southeast of Freetown
FLORIAN PLAUCHEUR/AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Nowa Paye (9) is taken to an ambulance after showing signs of the Ebola infection in the village of Freeman Reserve, about 30 miles north of Monrovia, Liberia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Medical staff members burn clothes belonging to patients suffering from Ebola, at the French medical NGO Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) in Monrovia
PASCAL GUYOT/AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A medical staff member wearing a protective suit walks past the crematorium where victims of Ebola are burned in Monrovia
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian burial team wearing protective clothing loads the body of a 60-year-old Ebola victim after retrieving him from his home
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Sick women rest while hoping to enter the new Doctors Without Borders (MSF), Ebola treatment center near Monrovia, Liberia
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Hanah Siafa walks in the rain with her children Josephine, 10, and Elija, six, while waiting to enter the new Doctors Without Borders (MSF), Ebola treatment center in Monrovia, Liberia
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus UNICEF health workers walk through the streets, going house to house to speak about Ebola prevention in New Kru Town, Liberia. The virus has killed more than 1,000 people in four African countries
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Local residents watch as public health advocates stage an Ebola awareness and prevention event in Monrovia, Liberia
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Public health advocates stage an Ebola awareness and prevention event in Monrovia, Liberia. The Liberian government and international groups are trying to convince residents of the danger and are urging people to wash their hands to help prevent the spread of the epidemic
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Hanah Siafa lies with her children Josephine, 10, and Elija, six, while hoping to enter the new Doctors Without Borders (MSF), Ebola treatment center
Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health worker examines patients for Ebola inside a screening tent, at the Kenema Government Hospital
AP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A health worker cleans his hands with chlorinated water before entering an Ebola screening tent at the Kenema Government Hospital, about 86 miles from Sierra Leone’s capital Freetown
AP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Aid workers and doctors transfer Miguel Pajares, a Spanish priest who was infected with the Ebola virus while working in Liberia, from a plane to an ambulance as he leaves the Torrejon de Ardoz military airbase, near Madrid, Spain
AP Photo/Spanish Defense Ministry
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian money exchanger washes hands between customers as a precaution to prevent infection with the deadly Ebola virus while conducting business in downtown Monrovia, Liberia
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian health worker sprays disinfectant on a drivers boots to stop the spread of the deadly Ebola virus at the Christian charity Samaritan Purse head offices in Monrovia, Liberia. Over 660 people have died of Ebola in West Africa in 2014 making it the world's deadliest outbreak to date according to statistics from the World Health Organisation
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian taxi driver wears protective gloves as a precaution to prevent infection with the deadly Ebola virus whilst driving in downtown Monrovia, Liberia. Many Liberians have taken to wearing gloves and washing hands after every interaction in an attempt to curb the spread of the deadly virus
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian money exchanger wears protective gloves as a precaution to prevent infection with the deadly Ebola virus while transacting business with customers in downtown Monrovia, Liberia
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A woman from Liberia takes food to a sick relative in the Ebola isolation unit at the ELWA Hospital where US doctor Kent Bradley is being quarantined having contracted the Ebola virus. Over 660 people have died of Ebola in West Africa in 2014 making it the world's deadliest outbreak to date according to statistics from the World Health Organisation
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus The disease has now spread to Liberia and, for the first time, Sierra Leone and Nigeria, killing at least 672 people in 1,201 cases, according to the World Health Organisation’s latest figures
AP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Health specialists prepare for work in an isolation ward for patients at the Medecins Sans Frontieres facility in southern Guinea
AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian street vendor wears protective gloves as a precaution to prevent infection with the deadly Ebola virus while transacting business with customers in downtown Monrovia, Liberia
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A nurse from Liberia sprays preventives to disinfect the waiting area for visitors at the ELWA Hospital where a US doctor Kent Bradley is being quarantined in the hospitals isolation unit having contracted the Ebola virus, Monrovia, Liberia
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Staff of the 'Doctors without Borders' ('Medecin sans frontieres') medical aid organisation carry the body of a person killed by the virus
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberia man (right) talks to a nurse (left) about the health of his relative who is in the isolation unit of the ELWA Hospital where a US doctor Kent Bradley is being quarantined having contracted the Ebola virus, Monrovia, Liberia
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A nurse from Liberia walks to spray preventives to disinfect the waiting area for visitors at the ELWA Hospital where a US doctor Kent Bradley is being quarantined in the hospitals isolation unit having contracted the Ebola virus
EPA
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Staff of the Christian charity Samaritan's Purse put on protective gear in the ELWA hospital in the Liberian capital Monrovia
AFP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Lagos State Health Commissioner Jide Idris, speaks, during a news conference in Lagos, Nigeria. No one knows for sure just how many people Patrick Sawyer came into contact with the day he boarded a flight in Liberia, had a stopover in Ghana, changed planes in Togo, and then arrived in Nigeria, where authorities say he died days later from Ebola
AP Photo/Sunday Alamba
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Staff of the Christian charity Samaritan's Purse put on protective gear in the ELWA hospital in the Liberian capital Monrovia. An American doctor battling West Africa's Ebola epidemic has himself fallen sick with the disease in Liberia, Samaritan's Purse said
AP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Protective gear including boots, gloves, masks and suits, drying after being used in a treatment room in the ELWA hospital in the Liberian capital Monrovia
AFP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A Liberian man holding a Civet being sold on a roadside as bush meat in Lofa County. Bush meat is one of the major carriers of the Ebola virus. The Liberian government and International partners have warned people to not eat it. The World Health Organisation (WHO) reported that a total of 888 Ebola cases including 539 deaths have been recorded in West Africa since February
AFP
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus People unload protection and healthcare material at Conakry's airport, to help fight the spread of the Ebola virus and treat people who have been already infected
AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Body of evidence: health workers transport a casket of a nun whose death resulted from an Ebola infection in Zaire in 1995
Getty
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Peter Piot in Yambuku, northern Congo (then Zaire), in 1976, where he was part of the original team to discover the Ebola virus
J Breman
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus A member of Doctors Without Borders helps to unload protection and healthcare materials in Guinea
Getty
In pictures: Ebola virus Ebola virus Doctors in protective gear work inside the Medecins Sans Frontieres isolation ward as Guinea faced the worst ever outbreak of the Ebola virus
Getty Images
August 20: Security forces in Monrovia fire shots, tear gas to disperse crowd trying to break out of quarantine, killing teen .
August 21: Two US missionary aid workers treated in Atlanta are released from hospital August 19 and 21 free of the virus.
August 24: Democratic Republic of Congo declares Ebola outbreak, believed separate from West Africa epidemic.
Infected British medical worker is flown home from Sierra Leone for treatment .
August 28: WHO puts death toll above 1,550, warns outbreak could infect more than 20,000.
August 29: Senegal reports first confirmed Ebola case.
September 2: MSF president tells United Nations the world is losing battle to contain Ebola, slams “global inaction”.
An Ebola sign placed infront of a home in West Point slum area of Monrovia, Liberia September 3: Epidemic accelerates; deaths top 1,900. Officials say close to 400 deaths in past week.
Third US missionary doctor infected with Ebola is flown from Liberia for treatment in Omaha, Nebraska.
September 5: Latest WHO tally: more than 2,100 dead out of about 4,000 people thought to have been infected.
September 7: President Barack Obama says United States needs to do more to help prevent Ebola from becoming a global crisis.
September 8: Britain to send military and humanitarian experts to Sierra Leone to set up treatment center; United States to send field hospital to Liberia to care for health workers.
Fourth Ebola patient will be flown to United States for treatment in Atlanta.
September 9: WHO says at least 2,296 dead out of 4,293 cases recorded in five countries.
September 13: Liberia appeals to Obama for aid to fight Ebola.
September 16: United States promises to send 3,000 military engineers and medical personnel to West Africa to build clinics and train healthcare workers.
WHO says 2,461 dead out of 4,985 infected, doubling death toll in the past month.
September 17: MSF says French nurse volunteer in Liberia has Ebola.
A health worker fixes another health worker's protective suit in the Aberdeen district of Freetown, Sierra Leone September 18: WHO says 2,630 dead out of 5,357 thought infected.
United Nations special mission to combat Ebola will deploy staff in Liberia, Guinea, Sierra Leone. Security Council adopts resolution calling for lifting travel, border restrictions.
French President Francois Hollande says military hospital will be set up in Guinea.
September 19: Streets in Sierra Leone's capital, Freetown, are deserted under three-day lockdown to try to halt Ebola's spread.
September 20: Liberian Thomas Eric Duncan flies from Liberia to Dallas via Brussels and Washington after trying to help woman with Ebola in his home country.
September 22: WHO declares outbreak largely contained in Senegal and Nigeria but says Ebola has killed more than 2,811 people in West Africa.
September 23: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates between 550,000 and 1.4 million people in West Africa may have Ebola by January.
September 25: Duncan goes to Dallas hospital with fever, abdominal pain. He is sent back to apartment where he is staying despite telling a nurse he traveled from West Africa.
Sophia Doe sits with her grandchildren Beauty Mandi, 9 months (L) and Arthuneh Qunoh, 9, (R), while watching the arrival of an Ebola burial team to take away the body of her daughter Mekie Nagbe, 28, for cremation in Monrovia, Liberia September 26: New WHO tally: 3,091 dead out of 6,574 probable, suspected and confirmed cases.
Cuba says will send nearly 300 doctors and nurses to West Africa to join 165 healthcare workers due there early October.
September 28: Duncan returns by ambulance to Dallas hospital.
September 30: CDC confirms Duncan has Ebola ; first case diagnosed in the United States.
October 1: WHO says 3,338 dead out of 7,178 cases in West Africa.
October 2: Britain pleads for international help to fight epidemic at conference in London.
NBC News says American freelance cameraman in its employ, Ashoka Mukpo, has Ebola; will be flown to United States for treatment.
October 3: WHO says 3,439 dead out of 7,492 suspected, probable and confirmed cases in West Africa and the United States, which has one.
Ugandan doctor with Ebola arrives in Frankfurt from Sierra Leone for treatment.
October 4: Volunteer nurse in Liberia who was first French national to contract Ebola leaves hospital outside Paris after being successfully treated for the disease.
A Liberian burial squad carry the body of an Ebola victim in Marshall, Margini county, Liberia October 6: Spanish nurse is infected with Ebola ; she treated infected Spanish priest who was repatriated to Madrid and died.
Cameraman Mukpo in Omaha; taken to Nebraska Medical Center.
October 8: Duncan, the first person diagnosed with Ebola in the United States, dies in Dallas hospital.
US government orders five major airports to screen passengers from West Africa for fever.
October 9: WHO revises Ebola death toll to 3,865 out of 8,033 cases, says there is no evidence epidemic is being brought under control in West Africa.
Britain to screen passengers entering country through London's two main airports and Eurostar rail link with Europe .
Some lawmakers call for United States to ban travelers from the West African countries hit hardest by Ebola.
The number of Ebola deaths has surpassed 4,000, the World Health Organisation says (Getty) October 10: WHO raises death toll to 4,033 out of 8,399 cases in seven countries. Most fatalities are in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea.
October 11: Medical teams at New York's John F. Kennedy International airport begin screening travelers from three West African countries for Ebola symptoms.
October 12: Nurse in Dallas tests positive for Ebola, becoming first person to contract the virus in the United States . Nina Pham was infected while caring for Duncan at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital.
October 14: At Heathrow, London's busiest airport, Britain begins screening travelers from West Africa .
Sudanese UN medical official who contracted Ebola in Liberia dies in German hospital .
A medical staff member wearing a protective suit walks past the crematorium where victims of Ebola are burned in Monrovia October 15: Officials say second Texas nurse who treated Duncan has contracted Ebola. Amber Vinson will be treated at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta.
Authorities say Vinson took flight from Cleveland to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport while running slight fever .
WHO raises death toll to 4,493 people out of 8,997 cases; says epidemic still spreading in West Africa.
October 16: US congressional subcommittee sharply questions health officials about response to Ebola in United States.
US National Institutes of Health says nurse Pham will be moved from Dallas to an NIH isolation unit in Bethesda, Maryland.
Reuters
Join our commenting forum
Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies